Ramadan and the Quran (8): The Themes of Surah Al-Baqarah (Part Six) – The Connection Between Its Opening and Conclusion

 

Ramadan and the Quran Series

One of the most captivating aspects of Quranic discourse is the eloquence of its openings and conclusions. Surah Al-Baqarah is no exception; it exhibits a strong coherence between its beginning and end, reinforcing its central themes. Several key connections can be observed between the opening verses and the concluding passage:


  1. The Guidance of the Quran
    • At the very beginning, the Quran is introduced as a source of guidance: This is the Book about which there is no doubt, a guidance for those conscious of Allah. (2:2)
    • The conclusion of the Surah reaffirms this guidance and faith in revelation: The Messenger has believed in what was revealed to him from his Lord, and [so have] the believers. (2:285)

  2. Faith in the Unseen
    • The opening describes the righteous as those who believe in the unseen (2:3), emphasizing a core aspect of faith.
    • The final passage further highlights belief in the unseen by affirming faith in Allah, His angels, His books, and His messengers: The believers all believe in Allah, His angels, His books, and His messengers. (2:285)

  3. Establishment of Prayer and Charity
    • In the opening, believers are praised for establishing prayer and giving charity: Who establish prayer and spend out of what We have provided for them. (2:3)
    • Towards the end, these acts are reaffirmed, with a promise of reward: Indeed, those who believe and do righteous deeds and establish prayer and give zakah will have their reward with their Lord, and there will be no fear concerning them, nor will they grieve. (2:277)

  4. Faith in All Divine Revelations
    • Early in the Surah, believers are described as those who believe in all revealed scriptures: And who believe in what has been revealed to you [O Muhammad] and what was revealed before you. (2:4)
    • This theme is echoed in the conclusion: The Messenger has believed in what was revealed to him from his Lord, and [so have] the believers. All of them have believed in Allah, His angels, His books, and His messengers, [saying], ‘We make no distinction between any of His messengers.’” (2:285)
    • Additionally, the middle of the Surah reinforces this idea: Say, ‘We have believed in Allah and what has been revealed to us and what has been revealed to Abraham, Ishmael, Isaac, Jacob, and the Descendants... We make no distinction between any of them, and we are Muslims [in submission] to Him.’” (2:136)

  5. Disbelief and Hypocrisy
    • Early in the Surah, descriptions of the disbelievers and hypocrites appear: Indeed, those who disbelieve – it is all the same for them whether you warn them or do not warn them – they will not believe. (2:6), and And of the people are some who say, ‘We believe in Allah and the Last Day,’ but they are not believers. (2:8)
    • The conclusion includes a prayer from the believers asking for divine assistance against the disbelievers: You are our protector, so give us victory over the disbelieving people. (2:286)

  6. The Fear of the Hereafter
    • In the opening, the righteous are described as those who are certain of the Hereafter. (2:4)
    • In the final passage, the believers are reminded of the Day of Judgment: And fear a Day when you will be returned to Allah. (2:281), followed by supplications that revolve around divine mercy, accountability, and the afterlife.


Through these connections, Surah Al-Baqarah maintains a remarkable thematic unity, reinforcing its essential messages of faith, divine guidance, righteous action, and the ultimate return to Allah. This coherence highlights the divine wisdom behind its structure, making it a deeply impactful chapter of the Quran, both in meaning and in form.


 Reference: This series draws insights from Thematic Interpretation of the Surahs of the Quran, compiled by a distinguished group of scholars under the supervision of Dr. Mustafa Muslim.

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